Scalping in the forex market involves trading currencies based on a set of real-time scalping has become a viable strategy for the retail forex trader. MPT assumes that investors are risk-averse, meaning that given two portfolios that offer the same expected return, investors will prefer the less risky one. In addition, the client can achieve efficient use of its collateral by consolidating much of its trading position with the prime broker. Lastly, the prime bro-. BRACKLEY TOWN V GILLINGHAM BETTING TIPS

For example, one of the assumptions is that asset returns follow a normal distribution. In reality, securities may experience returns also known as tail risk that are more than three standard deviations away from the mean. Consequently, asset returns are said to follow a leptokurtic distribution or heavy-tailed distribution. Additionally, Markowitz posits several assumptions in his theory, such as that investors are rational and avoid risk when possible, that there are not enough investors to influence market prices, and that investors have unlimited access to borrowing and lending money at the risk-free interest rate.

However, reality proves that the market includes irrational and risk-seeking investors, there are large market participants who could influence market prices, and there are investors who do not have unlimited access to borrowing and lending money. Special Considerations One assumption in investing is that a higher degree of risk means a higher potential return.

Conversely, investors who take on a low degree of risk have a low potential return. According to Markowitz's theory, there is an optimal portfolio that could be designed with a perfect balance between risk and return. The optimal portfolio does not simply include securities with the highest potential returns or low-risk securities.

The optimal portfolio aims to balance securities with the greatest potential returns with an acceptable degree of risk or securities with the lowest degree of risk for a given level of potential return. The points on the plot of risk versus expected returns where optimal portfolios lie are known as the efficient frontier. Assume a risk-seeking investor uses the efficient frontier to select investments.

The investor would select securities that lie on the right end of the efficient frontier. The right end of the efficient frontier includes securities that are expected to have a high degree of risk coupled with high potential returns, which is suitable for highly risk-tolerant investors. Conversely, securities that lie on the left end of the efficient frontier would be suitable for risk-averse investors. Why Is the Efficient Frontier Important? The efficient frontier graphically depicts the benefit of diversification and can.

The curvature of the efficient frontier shows how diversification can improve a portfolio's risk versus reward profile. What Is the Optimal Portfolio? An optimal portfolio is one designed with a perfect balance of risk and return.

The optimal portfolio looks to balance securities that offer the greatest possible returns with acceptable risk or the securities with the lowest risk given a certain return. How Is the Efficient Frontier Constructed? The efficient frontier rates portfolios on a coordinate plane. Plotted on the x-axis is the risk, while return is plotted on the y-axis—annualized standard deviation is typically used to measure risk, while compound annual growth rate CAGR is used for return.

To use the efficient frontier, a risk-seeking investor selects investments that fall on the right side of the frontier. An optimal currency area OCA is the geographic area in which a single currency would create the greatest economic benefit. While traditionally each country has maintained its own separate national currency , work by Robert Mundell in the s theorized that this might not be the most efficient economic arrangement.

In particular, countries that share strong economic ties may benefit from a common currency. This allows for closer integration of capital markets and facilitates trade. However, a common currency results in a loss of each country's ability to direct fiscal and monetary policy interventions to stabilize their individual economies. Economist Robert Mundell first outlined criteria for an OCA, which are based on the degree of integration and similarity between economies. The euro is an example of an application of an OCA, though events such as the Greek debt crisis have put this to the test.

He outlined the criteria necessary for a region to qualify as an OCA and benefit from a common currency. In this model, the primary concern is that asymmetric shocks may undermine the benefit of the OCA. If large asymmetric shocks are common and the criteria for an OCA are not met, then a system of separate currencies with floating exchange rates would be more suitable in order to deal with the negative effects of such shocks within the single country experiencing them.

Easing labor mobility includes lowering administrative barriers such as visa-free travel, cultural barriers such as different languages, and institutional barriers such as restrictions on remittance of pensions or government benefits. Capital mobility and price and wage flexibility. This ensures that capital and labor will flow between countries in the OCA according to the market forces of supply and demand to distribute the impact of economic shocks. A currency risk-sharing or fiscal mechanism to share risk across countries in the OCA.

This requires the transfer of money to regions experiencing economic difficulties from countries with surpluses , which may prove politically unpopular in higher-performing regions from which tax revenue will be transferred. The European sovereign debt crisis of — is considered evidence of the failure of the European Economic and Monetary Union EMU to satisfy these criteria as original EMU policy instituted a no-bailout clause, which soon became evident as unsustainable.

Similar business cycles. Asynchronous cycles would unavoidably mean that a uniform monetary policy will end up being counter-cyclical for some countries and pro-cyclical in others. Other criteria have been suggested by later economic research: A high volume of trade between countries implies that there will be correspondingly high gains from the adoption of a common currency in an OCA.

BETWEEN A ROCK AND A HARD PLACE MEMES

Among all the frequently asked questions about Forex trading, the most commonly asked question is about the meaning of the different terms used. Global Forex currency trading September 5, Flavia Charallo The global Forex currency trading market in no way rests. Wherever you are on the planet, in cleverest noon associated with darkest evening, you can use the internet and make participate in some global Forex currency trading. In this particular, the global Forex currency trading market is exclusive.

Business several hours are always essentially somewhere […] Starting out on Global Forex currency trading August 16, Shay Mitchell The web has allowed almost everyone in this world to participate in Forex buying and selling. One marketplace opens following another shuts. Sometimes buying and selling hours associated with certain marketplaces overlap, meaning people may trade anytime from the day as well as wherever they are. Forex trading is really global. A feasibility study was conducted.

In the preliminary analysis, school officials explored several options, weighing the benefits and costs of expanding and updating the science building. Some school officials had concerns about the project, including the cost and possible community opposition. The new science building would be much larger, and the community board had earlier rejected similar proposals. The feasibility study would need to address these concerns and any potential legal or zoning issues.

The feasibility study also explored the technological needs of the new science facility, the benefits to the students, and the long-term viability of the college. A modernized science facility would expand the school's scientific research capabilities, improve its curriculum, and attract new students.

Financial projections showed the cost and scope of the project and how the school planned to raise the needed funds, which included issuing a bond to investors and tapping into the school's endowment. The projections also showed how the expanded facility would allow more students to be enrolled in the science programs, increasing revenue from tuition and fees.

The feasibility study demonstrated that the project was viable, paving the way to enacting the modernization and expansion plans of the science building. Without conducting a feasibility study, the school administrators would never have known whether its expansion plans were viable. The goal was to create an environmentally responsible transportation system to enhance the competitiveness and future prosperity of the Pacific Northwest.

The preliminary analysis outlined a governance framework for future decision-making. The study involved researching the most effective governance framework by interviewing experts and stakeholders, reviewing governance structures, and learning from existing high-speed rail projects in North America. As a result, governing and coordinating entities were developed to oversee and follow the project if it was approved by the state legislature.

A strategic engagement plan involved an equitable approach with the public, elected officials, federal agencies, business leaders, advocacy groups, and indigenous communities. The engagement plan was designed to be flexible, considering the size and scope of the project and how many cities and towns would be involved.

A team of the executive committee members was formed and met to discuss strategies, lessons learned from previous projects and met with experts to create an outreach framework. The financial component of the feasibility study outlined the strategy for securing the project's funding, which explored obtaining funds from federal, state, and private investments.

The report bifurcated the money sources between funding and financing. Funding referred to grants, appropriations from the local or state government, and revenue. Financing referred to bonds issued by the government, loans from financial institutions, and equity investments, which are essentially loans against future revenue that needs to be paid back with interest. The sources for the capital needed were to vary as the project moved forward.

In the early stages, most of the funding would come from the government, and as the project developed, funding would come from private contributions and financing measures. Private contributors included Microsoft Inc. The new transportation system would provide people with access to better jobs and more affordable housing. The high-speed rail system would also relieve congested areas from automobile traffic.

The timeline for the study began in when an agreement was reached with British Columbia to work together on a new technology corridor that included high-speed rail transportation. The feasibility report was submitted to the Washington State land Legislature in December A feasibility study is designed to help decision-makers determine whether or not a proposed project or investment is likely to be successful. It identifies both the known costs and the expected benefits.

In business, "successful" means that the financial return exceeds the cost. In a nonprofit, success may be measured in other ways. A project's benefit to the community it serves may be worth the cost. What Are the Steps in a Feasibility Study?

A feasibility study starts with a preliminary analysis. Stakeholders are interviewed, market research is conducted, and a business plan is prepared. All of this information is analyzed to make an initial "go" or "no-go" decision. If it's a go, the real study can begin. This includes listing the technological considerations, studying the marketplace, describing the marketing strategy, and outlining the necessary human capital, project schedule, and financing requirements.

Who Conducts a Feasibility Study? A feasibility study may be conducted by a team of the organization's senior managers. If they lack the expertise or time to do the work internally it may be outsourced to a consultant.

What Are the 4 Types of Feasibility? The study considers the feasibility of four aspects of a project: Technical: A list of the hardware and software needed, and the skilled labor required to make them work. Financial: An estimate of the cost of the overall project and its expected return.

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